Generally a two-stage process:
Generation of FO from XML
Generation of PDF from FO
Example:
xsltproc -o manual.fo /usr/share/sgml/docbook-xsl/fo/docbook.xsl manual.xml
Fop -fo manual.fo -pdf manual.pdf
Example of generating multiple files:
xsltproc /usr/share/sgml/docbook-xsl/html/docbook.xsl input.xml